These studies were both quantitative and qualitative in nature and were conducted in three districts each of Haryana and Maharashtra. The findings were reported in four volumes. The efficiency of the incentive schemes was evaluated by New Concept from three main angles: the quality, quantity of items/services supplied, timeliness and regularity of supplies and whether or not the incentives reached those most in need. At each school, records were thoroughly investigated and interviews were held with teachers. Village mapping exercises were undertaken to determine size, composition and layout of the school catchment’s area; focus group discussions, ranking, prioritization and trade-off exercises were also conducted with men and women. Views of 30 parents per catchment’s area were canvassed, including those whose children were receiving incentives, not receiving incentives and not enrolled at all. Much of the qualitative information thus derived, threw light on the effectiveness and efficiency of school incentives. Quantitative data were collected at the school, panchayat, block and district levels. Approximate unit costs were determined separately for each input and aggregated for each district.